Adverbs in Hindi - Definition, Examples,Types, and Meaning in Hindi (क्रियाविशेषण किसे कहते हैं तथा क्रियाविशेषण के कितने प्रकार हैं।) Adverb, Part of Speech का एक महत्वपूर्ण भाग है। इस लेख में हम | Adverb in Hindi | Adverb Meaning in Hindi | What is Adverb in Hindi | Types of Adverb in Hindi.
Adverb एक ऐसा शब्द होता है जो किसी verb, adjective, another adverb तथा phrase or clause की विशेषता बतलाता है या verb, adjective, another adverb के बारे में अधिक जानकरी देता है।
Adverb को हम Modifies word भी कहते हैं क्योकि यह verb,adjective, तथा another adverb को modifies करने का काम करता है। इस आर्टिकल में हम Adverb के बारे में विस्तार रूप से जानेंगे।
Adverb in Hindi
Adverb in Hindi - Definition and Meaning
Adverb की परिभाषा :- क्रिया विषेशण (Adverb) वह शब्द है जो हमे Noun, Pronoun तथा Interjection को छोड़कर अन्य सभी Parts of Speech की विशेषता बताते हुए उनके अर्थ को बदल देते हैं।
OR
Adverb, Verb, Adjective तथा Adverb के अलावे Preposition, Conjunction, तथा Sentences विशेषता (Quality) बताने का कार्य करता है।
Adverb Definition :- An Adverb is that word in a sentences which modifies the meaning of verb or adjective or another adverb or phrase or a clause.
OR
What is an Adverb : An Adverb modifies a verb, or add extra information about verb, an adjective or another adverb.
इन वाक्यों को देखें :
जैसे - (i) You run fast.
(run = verb), (fast = adverb)
(ii) He walks slowly.
(walks = verb), (slowly = adverb)
ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यों में verbs - run तथा walks की विशेषता क्रमशः fast तथा slowly बता रहा है अतः fast और slowly - Adverbs हैं।
(iii) He is very good.
(iv) She is extremely beautiful.
ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यों में adjective - good तथा beautiful की विशेषता क्रमशः very तथा extremely बता रहा है, अतः very तथा extremely - Adverbs है।
(v) I write very carefully.
(vi) The horse runs very fast.
ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यों में Adjective - carefully तथा fast की विशेषता very बता रहा है, अतः very - Adverb है।
(vii) The kite flew exactly over my head.
(viii) She parked her car just at the gate.
ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यों में Prepositions - over तथा at की विशेषता क्रमशः exactly तथा just बता रहा है। अतः exactly तथा just - Adverbs है।
Read also :
Demonstrative Pronoun in Hindi
Adverb Meaning in Hindi
Adverb एक ऐसा शब्द है जो verb, adjective, another adverb की विशेषता बतलाता है साथ ही Adverb, Part of Speech का मुख्य भाग है। Adverb को हिन्दी में क्रियाविशेषण कहते हैं (जो क्रिया की विशेषता बतलाता है )
Adverb Meaning in Hindi = (क्रियाविशेषण)
Adverb in Hindi Meaning = (क्रियाविशेषण)
Types of Adverb in Hindi - (क्रियाविशेषण के प्रकार)
Adverb को Grammar में नौ भागों में बाँटा गया है।
1. Adverb of Time (समयवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
2. Adverb of Place (स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
3. Adverb of Number (संख्यावाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
4. Adverb of Quantity (परिमाण वाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
5. Adverb of Manner (विधिवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
6. Adverb of Reason (कारणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
7. Adverb of Affirmation (सकारात्मक क्रियाविशेषण)
8. Interrogative Adverbs (प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
9. Relative Adverbs (सम्बन्धवाचक क्रियावाचक)
1. Adverb of Time (समयवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
Adverb of Time (समयवाचक क्रियाविशेषण) की परिभाषा :- वे Adverbs जो Time (समय) को express (अभिव्यक्त) करते हैं Adverb of Time कहलाते हैं।
Definition of Adverb of Time :- These are the adverbs which tell us when an action take place.
जैसे - Today, tomorrow, yesterday, last night, last day, last week, last month, last year, next day, next week, next month, next year, late, lately, now, just now, just, ago, daily, already, early, soon, the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, at present, presently, shortly, recently, immediately, instantly, before, since ....etc. ये सभी Adverb of Time के उदाहरण हैं।
इन वाक्यों को देखे -
Examples :
(i) He saw me yesterday.
(ii) I have seen her before.
(iii) She comes here daily.
(iv) Vikas will soon return.
(v) Binay arrived late.
ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यों में yesterday, before, daily, soon तथा late का प्रयोग Adverb के रूप में क्रमशः verbs - saw, seen comes, return, arrived की विशेषता बताने के लिए हुआ है जो time को donate करते हैं। अतः ये Adverb of Time हैं।
2. Adverb of Place in Hindi (स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
Adverb of Place (स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण) की परिभाषा : वे Adverb जो Place (स्थान) को express (अभिव्यक्त) करते हैं Adverb of Place कहलाते हैं।
Definition of Adverb of Place :- These are the adverbs which tell us where an action takes place.
जैसे - here, there, up, within, in, out, away.down, everywhere, somewhere, nowhere, anywhere, without, above, below, far, near, backward, inside, outside, outdoors, indoors,...etc. ये सभी Adverb of Place के उदाहरण। हैं
इन वाक्यों को देखें -
Examples
(i) He was sitting here.
(ii) Mr Thakur lived here.
(iii) My brother-in-law is out.
(iv) There is air everywhere.
(v) Hope looks above, doubt looks below.
(vi) She looked up.
(vii) The horses galloped away.
(viii) Walk background.
ऊपर दिए गए सभी वाक्यों में here, there, out, everywhere, above, below, up, away तथा backward का प्रयोग Adverbs रूप में क्रमसः verbs - sitting, lived, is, looked, galloped तथा walk की विशेषता बताने के लिए हुआ है जो Place को denote करते हैं। अतः ये Adverb of Place हैं।
3. Adverb of Number (संख्यावाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
Adverb of Number (संख्यावाचक क्रियाविशेषण) की परिभाषा : वे Adverb को किसी action (कार्य) के होने की संख्या को express (अभिव्यक्त) करते हैं Adverb of Number कहलाते हैं।
Definition of Adverb of Number :- These are the Adverbs which tell us how often an action takes place.
जैसे - once, twice, thrice, again, seldom, always, never, often, scarcely, hardly, frequently, firstly, secondly, thirdly.....etc. ये सभी Adverb of Number के उदाहरण हैं।
इन वाक्यों को ध्यान से देखें -
Examples
(i) He has not seen her once.
(ii) The postman called again.
(iii) She seldom dances.
(iv) Every person often makes mistakes.
(v) He frequently comes unprepared.
ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यों में once, again, seldom, always, often, तथा frequently का प्रयोग Adverb के रूप में हुआ है जो क्रमशः verbs - seen, called, dances, try, makes, तथा comes की विशेषता बताने के लिए हुआ है जो number or frequency (संख्या) को donate करते हैं। अतः ये Adverb of Number/Frequency हैं।
4. Adverb of Quantity (परिमाणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
Adverb of Quantity (परिमाणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण) की परिभाषा : वे Adverb जो किसी Adjective या Adverb की quantity (मात्रा), छेत्र या विस्तार को express करते हैं Adverb of Quantity कहलाते हैं।
Definition of Adverb of Quantity : These are the Adverbs which tell us how much or in what degree or to what extent.
जैसे - Too, very, quite, enough, rather, fairly, entirely, altogether, almost, partly, nearly, fully,, so, well, wholly, partially, far. ...etc ये सभी Adverb of Quantity के उदाहरण हैं।
Examples
(i) He is too careless.
(ii) She was very tired.
(iii) His grandfather is entirely deaf.
(iv) He is rather busy.
(v) She is fully prepared.
(vi) You are altogether mistaken.
(vii) You are partly right.
(viii) I am nearly exhausted.
(ix) The mango is almost ripe.
(x) He is quite wrong.
उपरोक्त वाक्यों में too, very, entirely, rather, fully, altogether, partly, nearly, almost तथा quite का प्रयोग Adverbs के रूप में क्रमशः Adjective - careless, tired, deaf, busy, prepared, mistaken, right, exhausted, ripe, wrong की विशेषता बताने के लिए हुआ है। जो quantity को denote करते हैं। अतः ये Adverbs of quantity हैं।
5. Adverb of Manner in Hindi (विधिवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
Adverb of Manner (विधिवाचक क्रियाविशेषण) की परिभाषा : वे Adverbs जो किसी action (कार्य) के होने के method (तरीका / विधि) को express (अभिव्यक्त) करते हैं। Adverb of Manner कहलाते हैं।
Definition of Adverb of Manner : These are the adverbs which tell us how an action takes place or in what manner.
जैसे - Fast, hard, slowly, bravely, foolishly, wisely, loudly, soundly, badly, carefully, fluently, beautifully, clearly, lovingly, faithfully, seriously, so, agreeably, certainly, well, doubtfully, firm, conveniently, ....etc. ये सभी Adverb of Manner के उदाहरण हैं।
इन वाक्यों को देखें-
Examples
(i) The horse ran fast.
(ii) He works hard.
(iii) Mr. Thakur walks slowly.
(iv) They fought bravely.
(v) My sister-in-law behaved foolishly.
(vi) Aditi acted wisely.
(vii) Aditya laughs loudly.
(viii) The child sleeps soundly.
(ix) This books is well written.
(x) He should not do so.
ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यों में Fast, hard, slowly, bravely, foolishly, wisely, loudly, soundly, well तथा so का प्रयोग Adverbs के रूप में क्रमशः verbs - ran works, walks, fought, behaved, acted, laughs, sleeps, written तथा do की विशेषता बताने के लिए हुआ है जो किसी action के होने के method को donate करते हैं। अतः ये Adverbs of Manner हैं।
6. Adverb of Reason (कारणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
Adverb of Reason (कारणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण) की परिभाषा : वे Adverbs जो Reason (कारण) के भाव को express (अभिव्यक्त) करते हैं Adverb of Reason कहलाते हैं।
Definition of Adverb of Reason : These are the Adverbs which tells us why an action takes place.
जैसे - Hence, therefore, consequently. ये Adverb of Reason के उदाहरण हैं।
इन वाक्यों को देखें -
Examples
(i) She was therefore fined.
(ii) I therefore left school.
(iii) Consequently she was sent to New York.
(iv) I am hence unable to do it.
ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यों में hence, therefore, तथा consequently प्रयोग Adverb के रूप क्रमशः unable, fined, left, तथा she बताने के लिए हुआ है जो Reason (कारण) के भाव को denote करते हैं अतः ये Adverb of Reason हैं।
7. Adverb of Affirmation or Negation (सकारात्मक या नकारात्मक क्रियाविशेषण)
Adverb of Affirmation or Negation (सकारात्मक या नकारात्मक क्रियाविशेषण) : वे Adverb जो Affirmation or Negation (सकारात्मक या नकारात्मक) भाव को express (अभिव्यक्त) करते हैं Adverb of Affirmation or Negation कहलाते हैं।
Definition of Adverb of Affirmation or Negation : These are the Adverbs which tell us whether an action done or not.
जैसे - Not, surely, certainly, indeed, by no means, not at all, yes, no , probably etc. ये सभी Adverb of Affirmation or Negation के उदाहरण हैं।
इन वाक्यों को देखें -
Examples
(i) She did not come after all.
(ii) Surely he is right.
(iii) She is certainly alive.
(iv) Probably he will go.
ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यों में not, surely, certainly, not तथा probably का प्रयोग Adverbs के रूप में क्रमशः come, he, alive, know तथा he की विशेषता बताने के लिए हुआ है। जो Affirmation or Negation के भाव को donate करते हैं अतः ये Adverb of Affirmation or Negation हैं।
8. Interrogative Adverbs (प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
Interrogative Adverb (प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण) की परिभाषा : वे Adverbs जो प्रश्न पूछने के लिए प्रयुक्त हैं Interrogative Adverbs कहलाते हैं।
Definition of Interrogative Adverbs : These are the Adverbs which use to ask a questions is known as Interrogative Adverbs.
जैसे - When, how long, where, whence, whither, how often, how many times, how much, how far, in what degree, how, in, what way, why, wherefore ...etc ये सभी Interrogative Adverbs के उदाहरण हैं।
इन वाक्यों को देखें -
Examples
(i) When will you return ?
(ii) How long will she stay there ?
(iii) Where do you live ?
(iv) Whence are you going ?
(v) Whither are you going ?
(vi) How many girls were present there ?
(vii) How often did you visit her ?
(viii) How far is the report true ?
ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यों में When, How long, Where, Whence, Whither, How many, How often, तथा How far का प्रयोग Adverbs के रूप में क्रमशः you, she, girls तथा report विशेषता बताने के लिए हुआ है। अतः यह Interrogative Adverbs हैं।
Kinds of Interrogative Adverbs
I. Interrogative Adverb of Time : When तथा how long को Interrogative Adverb of Time कहा जाता है।
Examples -
1. When will they return ?
वे कब वापस आएंगे ?
2. How long will he stay there ?
वह वहां कब तक रहेगा ?
II. Interrogative Adverb of Place : Where, whence, तथा whither को Adverb of Place कहा जाता है।
Examples -
1. Where do you live ?
तुम कहाँ रहते हो ?
2. Whence has he come ?
वह कहाँ से आया है ?
3. Whither are they going ?
वे कहाँ जा रहे हैं ?
III. Interrogative Adverb of Number : How many, how often, how many times, को Interrogative Adverb of Number कहा जाता है।
Examples -
1. How many boys were present there ?
कितने लड़के वहाँ उपस्थित थे ?
2. How often did you visit her ?
आप उससे कितनी बार मिलने गए थे ?
3. How many times does she sing ?
वह कितनी बार गाती है ?
IV. Interrogative Adverb of Manner : How, in any way तथा In what state of को Interrogative Adverb of Manner कहा जाता है।
Examples -
1. How did you manage this ?
आपने इसे कैसे प्रतिबंधित किया ?
2. How are you today ?
आज आप कैसे हैं ?
ऊपर दिए गए example 1 में How का प्रयोग In what way / manner के अर्थ में तथा example (2) में how का प्रयोग In what state of health में हुआ है।
V. Interrogative Adverb of Quantity : How much, how far तथा In what degree को Interrogative Adverb of quantity कहा जाता है।
Examples -
1. How far is the report true ?
रिपोर्ट कहाँ तक सच है ?
2. How much did he pay for this computer ?
उसने इस कंप्यूटर के लिए कितना भुगतान किया ?
VI. Interrogative Adverb of Reason : Why तथा Wherefore को Interrogative Adverb of Reason कहा जाता है।
Examples -
1. Why are you late ?
आपको देर क्यों हो रही है ?
2. Wherefore did the child weep ?
बच्चा क्यों रोया ?
9. Relative Adverbs (सम्बन्धवाचक क्रियावाचक)
Relative Adverbs की परिभाषा : जब Interrogative Adverbs का प्रयोग दो sentences को जोड़ने के लिए होता है, तो वे Relative adverbs कहलाते हैं।
Note : Relative Adverb Explicit (स्पस्ट) or Implicit (अस्पस्ट) Antecedent (पूर्ववर्ती) का Relation (सम्बन्ध) बताने का कार्य करता है।
A. The Antecedent Explicit or expressed :
जैसे - This is the place where king lived.
Do you know the time when he will come ?
उपरोक्त दिए गए वाक्यों में where तथा when - Relative Adverbs हैं जो क्रमशः the place तथा the time (जो Antecedents हैं) को Relate करते हैं।
B. The Antecedent Implicit / omitted / understood
जैसे - This is where the king lived.
Do you know when he will come ?
उपरोक्त वाक्यों में where तथा when - Relative Adverbs हैं। इनके Antecedents अस्पस्ट हैं।
where का अर्थ the place in which तथा when का अर्थ the time by which है।
Position of Adverbs in Sentences
Rule 1. Adverb प्रयोग सामान्यतः Adjective तथा अन्य Adverbs के पहले होता है। जैसे -
(i) Lata sings very sweetly.
very - adverb
sweetly - adverb
(ii) It is very hot very today.
very - adverb
hot - adjective
Rule 2. Adverb का प्रयोग Intransitive verbs के बाद होता है। जैसे -
(i) He spoke loudly.
spoke - Intransitive verb
loudly - adverb
(ii) You came late.
came = Intransitive verb
late - adverb
(iii) I slept soundly.
slept = Intransitive verb
soundly - adverb
Rule 3. Adverb का प्रयोग Transitive verb + object के बाद होता है। जैसे -
(i) She attacked her enemy boldly.
attacked - Transitive verb
her enemy - object
boldly - adverb
(ii) I do my duty carefully.
do - transitive verb
my duty - object
carefully - adverb
Adverb in Hindi
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